M.Yu. Zubkov

 

Reservoir types in the Bazhenov-Abalak series of Western Siberia and their genesis

​

DOI 10.31087/0016-7894-2019-4-59-78

​

Using the results of detailed lithological and petrophysical studies, the main types of reservoir rocks that compose the Bazhenov-Abalak series of Western Siberia have been identified. The reconstruction of the mechanism of their formation was conducted. It has been established that secondary reservoirs formed in siliceous and carbonate varieties of rocks, as well as in their transitional siliceous-carbonate varieties, are prevailing. Less common are the so-called hydrothermal silicites formed in carbonate-siliceous types of rocks, pseudogranular reservoirs — in phosphate and carbonate coprolites, an also in ichthyodetrite-and pyrite-rich rocks. It is proved that the reservoirs present in the Bazheno-Abalak series are in most cases secondary and are formed as a result of the tectonic-hydrothermal processes impact on the Upper Jurassic deposits. The following types of reservoir rocks have been identified: fractured, fractured-vuggy, pseudogranular, pseudogranular-micro-vuggy and porous-microvuggy. Unfortunately, the origin of microcracking in various types of rocks is not always clear: either it originated in reservoir conditions under the action of tectonic stresses, or was formed in surface conditions as a result of removal of lithostatic load from samples. It is assumed that the cause of tectono-hydrothermal processes is ascending of magmatic bodies from asthenosphere, which first create stresses in the earth's crust and then in the sedimentary sequence; as a result, they split up — sub-vertical high-permeable zones of fracture dislocations occur, through which penetration of high-enthalpy acid fluids occurs into the sedimentary layer. These high-enthalpy fluids not only participate in the formation of secondary reservoirs in the Bazhenov-Abalak series dissolving and leaching components that are unstable under these conditions, but also directly take part in the processes of oil generation by organic matter thermolysis, and by introducing juvenile methane, its nearest homologues and hydrogen. The latter reacts with hydrogenation with organic matter, which results in formation of additional amount of hydrogen-saturated hydrocarbons.

​

Key words: secondary collectors; tectonic-hydrothermal processes; lithological types of rocks; nuclear magnetic resonance; pyrolysis.

​

For citation: Zubkov M.Yu. Reservoir types in the Bazhenov-Abalak series of Western Siberia and their genesis. Geologiya nefti i gaza. 2019;(4):59–78. DOI: 10.31087/0016-7894-2019-4-59-78.

​

References

1. Gurari F.G., Gurari I.F. Formation of oil pools in the Bazhenov claystone, Western Siberia [Formirovanie zalezhei nefti v argillitakh bazhenovskoi svity Zapadnoi Sibiri]. Geologiya nefti i gaza. 1974;(5):36–40.
2. Dobrynin V.M., Martynov V.G. Oil reservoir in shaly source formations [Kollektor nefti v neftematerinskikh glinistykh tolshchakh]. Geologiya nefti i gaza. 1979;(7):36–43.
3. Dorofeeva T.V., Lebedev B.A., Petrova T.V. Features of reservoir properties formation in the Bazhenov series of the Salymsky field [Osobennosti formirovaniya kollektorskikh svoistv bazhenovskoi svity Salymskogo mestorozhdeniya]. Geologiya nefti i gaza. 1979;(9):20–23.
4. Krasnov S.G., Dorofeeva T.V., Lebedev B.A. Geological conditions of oil saturation and nature of the Bazhenov reservoir capacity in the Western Siberia [Geologicheskie usloviya neftenosnosti i priroda emkosti kollektorov bazhenovskoi svity Zapadnoi Sibiri]. In: Usloviya neftegazonosnosti i osobennosti formirovaniya mestorozhdenii nefti i gaza na Zapadno-Sibirskoi plite. Leningrad: Nedra; 1980. pp. 115–127.
5. Nesterov I.I. New type of oil and gas reservoir [Novyi tip kollektora nefti i gaza]. Geologiya nefti i gaza. 1979;(10):26–29.
6. Novikov G.R., Salmanov F.K., Tyan A.V. Opportunities of large oil deposits discovery in the fractured Bazhenov claystone [Perspektivy otkrytiya krupnykh zalezhei nefti v treshchinovatykh argillitakh bazhenovskoi svity]. Neft i gaz Tyumeni. 1970;1:1–3.
7. Mikulenko K.I. Petroleum potential of the Bazhenov series in the central and southern regions of West Siberian Plate [Perspektivy neftegazonosnosti otlozhenii bazhenovskoi svity tsentral'nykh i yuzhnykh raionov Zapadno-Sibirskoi plity]. Tr. SNIIGGiMS. 1974;194:37–41.
8. Prozorovich G.E., Sokolovskii A.P., Malykh A.G. New data on the Bazhenov fractured reservoirs [Novye dannye o treshchinovatykh kollektorakh bazhenovskoi svity]. Problemy nefti i gaza Tyumeni. 1979;18:7–9.
9. Tereshchenko Yu.A. Strong formation pressure anomaly in the West Siberian Salymsky field, and its possible nature [Rezkaya anomaliya plastovykh davlenii na Salymskom mestorozhdenii v Zapadnoi Sibiri i ee vozmozhnaya priroda]. Byulleten' Moskovskogo obshchestva ispytatelei prirody. Otd. Geol. 1972;47(5):219–222.
10. Khalimov E.M., Melik-Pashaev V.S. Prospecting for commercial oil accumulations is the Bazhenov Formation [O poiskakh promyshlennykh skoplenii nefti v bazhenovskoi svite]. Geologiya nefti i gaza. 1980;(6):1–10.
11. Zubkov M.Yu. Kerogen in blacks as a source of secondary porosity [Kerogen chernykh slantsev — istochnik vtorichnoi poristosti]. In: Geokhimiya slozhnopostroennykh mestorozhdenii nefti i gaza: sb. nauch. tr. ZapSibNIGNI. 1988. pp. 62–71.
12. Zubkov M.Yu. Criteria for regional oil potential of the Bazhenov Formation [Kriterii otsenki regional'nykh perspektiv neftenosnosti bazhenovskoi svity]. Neftyanoe khozyaistvo = Oil industry. 1989;(5):26–30.
13. Zubkov M.Yu. Oil generation processes and interstitial space formation due to kerogen form the Bazhenov Formation [Protsessy neftegeneratsii i formirovanie pustotnogo prostranstva za schet kerogena bazhenovskoi svity]. Gornye vedomosti. 2015;135(8):22–38.
14. Belkin V.I., Efremov E.P., Kaptelinin N.D. Oil reservoir model of the Bazhenov Formation in the Salymsky field [Model' kollektorov nefti bazhenovskoi svity Salymskogo mestorozhdeniya]. Neftyanoe khozyaistvo = Oil industry. 1983;(10):27–31.
15. Klubova T.T., Klimushina L.P., Medvedeva A.M. Features of oil pool formation in the Bazhenov shale, Western Siberia [Osobennosti formirovaniya zalezhei nefti v glinakh bazhenovskoi svity Zapadnoi Sibiri]. In: Neftenosnost' bazhenovskoi svity Zapadnoi Sibiri. Tr. IGiRGI. Moscow; 1980. pp. 128–147.
16. Konysheva R.A., Sakhibgareev R.S. Nature of reservoir capacity in the Bazhenov claystone, Western Siberia [O prirode emkosti v argillitakh bazhenovskoi svity Zapadnoi Sibiri]. DAN SSSR. 1976;228(5):1197–1199.
17. Korzh M.V., Filina S.I. Features of claystone lithogenesis in the Bazhenov Formation and possible mechanism of oil generation in them [Osobennosti litogeneza argillitov bazhenovskoi svity i vozmozhnyi mekhanizm obrazovaniya v nikh zalezhei nefti]. In: Neftenosnost' bazhenovskoi svity Zapadnoi Sibiri. Tr. IGiRGI. Moscow; 1980. pp. 6–18.
18. Krivosheeva Z.A., Sokolov B.A. Oil pools formation in shale series through decompaction [Obrazovanie neftyanykh zalezhei v glinistykh tolshchakh v rezul'tate razuplotneniya]. Geologiya nefti i gaza. 1980;(1):26–29.
19. Krylov N.A., Orel V.E., Filina S.I. Features of the commercial oil occurrence in the Bazhenov rocks [Osobennosti promyshlennoi neftenosnosti porod bazhenovskoi svity]. Neftegazovaya geologiya i geofizika. 1980;(8):15–17.
20. Zubkov M.Yu. Lithological and petrophysical description of Bazhenov and Abalak formations in the central part of the Krasnoleninsky Arch (Western Siberia) [Litologo-petrofizicheskaya kharakteristika otlozhenii bazhenovskoi i abalakskoi svit tsentral'noi chasti Krasnoleninskogo svoda (Zapadnaya Sibir')]. Geologiya I geofizika = Russian Geology and geophysics. 1999;40(12):1821–1836.
21. Zubkov M.Yu. Analysis of К, U, Th, and В distribution in the Upper Jurassic formations of the central part of the Krasnoleninsky Arch (Western Siberia) with the aim of their bedding, correlation, and identification of potentially productive layers within them [Analiz raspredeleniya K, U, Th i V v verkhneyurskikh otlozheniyakh tsentral'noi chasti Krasnoleninskogo svoda (Zapadnaya Sibir') s tsel'yu ikh stratifikatsii, korrelyatsii i vydeleniya v nikh potentsial'no produktivnykh plastov]. Geokhimiya. 2001;(1):51–70.
22. Zubkov M.Yu., Kagan M.V., Vokin R.D. et al. Prediction of pay zones in the Bazenov and Abalak formations of the Srednenazymsky License Area [Prognoz produktivnykh zon v otlozheniyakh bazhenovskoi i abalakskoi svit Srednenazymskogo litsenzionnogo uchastka]. In: Puti realizatsii neftegazovogo i rudnogo potentsiala KhMAO-Yugry. V. 2. (Odinnadtsataya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferentsiya). Khanty-Mansiisk; 2008. pp. 64–81.
23. Zubkov M.Yu. Reservoirs in the Bazheno-Abalak complex of the Western Siberia and methods of forecasting its spread [Kollektory v bazheno-abalakskom komplekse Zapadnoi Sibiri i sposoby ikh prognoza]. Geologiya nefti i gaza. 2014;(5):58–72.
24. Zubkov M.Yu. Bituminization of the Bazhenov Formation and its relation to hydrothermal processes (Western Siberia) [Svyaz' bituminizatsii bazhenovskoi svity s gidrotermal'nymi protsessami (Zapadnaya Sibir')]. Gornye vedomosti. 2018;160(6):6–24.
25. Efremov E.P., Zubkov M.Yu., Borkun F.Ya. et al. [Metodika otsenki perspektiv neftegazonosnosti bazhenovskikh otlozhenii Zapadnoi Sibiri. Energiya i mekhanizm pervichnoi migratsii uglevodorodov]. In: Energiya i mekhanizm pervichnoi migratsii uglevodorodov. – M. : Nauka, 1988. – pp. 152–161.
26. Naboko S.I. Formation of present-day thermal springs and metamorphism of solutions and rocks [Formirovanie sovremennykh gidroterm i metamorfizm rastvorov i porod]. In: Voprosy vulkanizma: tr. Pervogo Vsesoyuznogo vulkanologicheskogo soveshchaniya. 23 September – 2, October 1959. Moscow: Izd. AN SSSR; 1962. pp. 52–62.

​

M.Yu. Zubkov   Scopus

West-Siberian Geological Center, Tyumen, Russia;

zubkovmyu@mail.ru